Posted by: Sarah Viders, CSU Extension Intern, Arapahoe County
"They won’t sting you,” my
friend said, shaking me as a bee crossed her forehead and another one stared
straight at me from her cheek. There were so many bees. Flying all around me on
a hike through the woods. I screamed and ran back to the car vowing to stay as
far away from bees as possible. After this experience, I then proceeded to sit
on a bee less than two weeks later, making my fear tremendously larger.
Everyone has a fear
right? I have always known bees are pollinators and are necessary for the
planet but whenever I see that stinger, my nails dig into my hands and I beg
the buzzing to grow distant.
Pollinators are
important to human health and ecosystems, as pollination provides the most
nutritious parts of our diet. Pollination services by bees contribute 1.2-5.4
billion dollars to American agriculture, “bringing us one of every three bites
of food.” Native bees pollinate up to 180,000 different plants and
reflect immense impacts on the ecology of the world. However, their populations
are declining for many reasons due to habitat and nutrition loss due to
urbanization, parasites and disease, pesticide and chemical use, and climate
change. Everyone
can help pollinators by planting flowers and providing habitat.
Fast forward a year
later, I accepted an internship to work for the Native Bee Watch Citizen
Science Program at CSU Extension looking into the biodiversity and abundance of
bees affected by urbanization. My parents looked at me and wondered “who
replaced Sarah with an alien?” I decided to take a chance and conquer one
of my fears. I could learn about something that is the foundation for the
breakfast I eat every morning.
I am originally from
South Africa but now my Mom and Dad have settled into a home in Lone Tree,
Colorado. I am studying ecosystem science and sustainability and I am starting
my junior year in the fall at CSU. During the school year, I work at a research
lab on campus in the Forest and Rangeland Stewardship department. My career
goals include going to Seattle University School of Law and focusing on
environmental law. My interests spread far and wide however, as I also take
classes in human anatomy and political science.
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| Filming virtual programming on location at Silo Park. Photo: Sarah Viders |
Taking this internship
has been one of the most rewarding and educating experiences. Not only did I
learn to identify the different types of bees down to the eight morphological
categories and genera, but I stopped running away from them. Did you know there
are over 900 species of bees in Colorado? The honey bee is just one of those
species. I have now become the “bee girl” to my friends because I’ll take any
opportunity to happily and ecstatically show them photos of a striped sweat bee
(Halictus spp.) on a prairie coneflower from more angles than I can
count.
My role in the Native
Bee Watch (NBW) Citizen Science project was to work closely with Lisa Mason,
Horticulture Agent in Arapahoe County, to help volunteers with bee and plant
identification, data entry questions, and to create a sense of community while
providing education online. I coordinated communication with the volunteers
through Zoom meetings, emails, and Facebook questions. We created a private
Facebook group for the volunteers, allowing them to have a safe space to ask
questions, interact with one another, and learn more about different native
bees and natural resource sustainability.
COVID-19 changed my
internship plan, and the entirety of it moved online. NBW also moved to an
entirely virtual program this summer. While in the past NBW had the capacity to
educate approximately 10 -25 volunteers each summer, the capacity has largely
increased since it moved online with upwards of 200 volunteers attending the
training and about 150 volunteers entering data to ArcGIS. The project consists
of training volunteers to identify groups of bees on flowers in their yard, and
enter that data electronically.
Not only did I learn about the different characteristics of bees,
wasps, and flies, I also learned about native plants, pollinators and how the
biology of pollination works. Learning about identification differences was
very interesting to me. A few identification tips I learned include:
- Wasps
and bees have longer antennae than flies
- Fly eyes are typically larger
and extend to the top of the head versus bees that have eyes on the sides
of their head
- Wasps have more visibly cinched
waists
- Bees are typically fuzzy and
have hairs on their bodies
- Different bees carry pollen
different ways
- Many solitary bees carry
pollen on their hind legs.
- Bees in the Megachilidae
family (or the morphospecies called “Hairy Belly Bees”, have pollen
collecting hairs on the underside of their abdomen.
- Honey bees and bumble bees
have pollen sacs on their legs called corbiculae.
- Bees vary in color. Even honey
bees have color variation from a very light color to almost black.
- Bees can see blue, yellow and
ultraviolet.
- Check out this field guide for more tips!
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| A bumble bee (Bombus sp.) on a purple prairie clover, a native plant to Colorado. Photo: Sarah Viders |
I developed and conducted a research project on social science
pertaining to the citizen science project and an ecological project on bees at
Carson Nature Center. The social science aspect consisted of monitoring how
participants are using social media. How does the interest and participation in
this group change over the summer? How many of the volunteers are participating
in the Facebook group and what types of posts they are making? The project and
research question are based around how participation in the Facebook group
develops and changes. For the ecological piece I collected observational data,
based on the type of bee and the competition I observed at South Platte Park
and Carson Nature Center. While walking along the transect, I watched a plant or
group of plants for 2-minute intervals and recorded the bees from each
morphological category. This method is a modified Focal Plant Sampling
Procedure (Altmann, 1974; Mason and Arathi, 2019). I am now analyzing this data from both of these projects.
Through CSU Extension in Arapahoe County, I also delivered
programming in the online format and the topic I chose to focus on was
sustainability. I developed weekly videos titled “Sarah’s Science-Based Sustainability Secrets” discussing natural resource sustainability in the home and
landscape, and ways for citizens to save energy. I encourage you to check out
the videos! Some of the topics I talked about included water conservation,
mulching, composting, recycling, reducing fossil fuels and urban trees. One
thing I learned about programming is the importance of visuals and how
important simplicity can be when sharing education information in a video
setting. I filmed at Hudson Gardens, Carson Nature Center, Eco-Cycle, my own
backyard and at the CSU Extension Arapahoe County Office.
Pollinators are extremely necessary and important
to our environment. Learning about the different categories and identification
pieces has allowed me to look at my environment in a completely new way. I learned what inspires people to take part in
science and what keeps them interested in collecting data. My next steps will
focus on sharing more sustainability and pollinator information with the
public, not just to those with an interest in pollinators and gardening. I will
take all that I learned this summer and apply it specifically to my career
goals. Becoming an environmental lawyer requires that I am well versed in the
knowledge of how different ecosystems work and how each character plays an
important role. I am grateful for this opportunity to work closely with so many
experts, the volunteers, and the bees! Now that my internship is coming to an
end I can happily say I have received no stings and happily welcome the sound
of buzzing.
